Anxiety

 Anxiety is a neurological disorder that is opposite meanings of depression.

Anxiety is different from fear. Fear characterised emotional stress in response to threat. On the other hand anxiety is an emotional response to future anticipation. 

Anxiety in some case closely related to fear.  Fear of future threat may develop anxiety. It is a fight and flight response to future threat. 

Anxiety always accompanied with some nervous behavior. These are pacing back and forth and rumination and somatic complaint. 

Anxiety results by worry and uneasiness. It causes overactive behavior. 

Physical disorder accompanied with anxiety is fatigue, muscular tension, restlessness and concentration problem.

Within an appropriate time period someone faces a specific event anxiety may persist that is called anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorder is different from anxiety. Emotional stress persist more than 6 month characterised as anxiety disorder.

There have several types of anxiety 

Mathematical anxiety 

social anxiety 

Existential anxiety 

Somatic anxiety

Stage freight

 Atherosclerosis 

Atherosclerosis is a blood vessel disease characterised by forming plague in inner blood vessel wall. It resulted as narrowing of path of blood flow.

How atherosclerosis develops?

Mechanism of development of atherosclerosis is caused by platelets. Function of platelets is coagulation. In presence of certain risk factors RBC clogged by platelets. The risk factors includes diabetes, narrowing of blood vessels, low blood pressure, high cholesterol levels in blood. 

Risk of developing atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis or blood clot significantly develops hypertension. Any clots when develops it gradually started to bigger if it untreated. When it get more bigger it may block blood flow through blood vessel. 

We know that to functioning properly every cell in our body required oxygen for metabolism. RBC carries oxygen to cell.  Heart cell and brain cell also required oxygen. Improper supply of oxygen causes ischemic disease. When oxygen supply completely blocks to heart causes myocardial infarction or heart failure. When the blockage causes in brain cell it is called stroke. 

The basic difference of stroke and heart attack is stroke causes in brain and heart attack causes in heart. 

Sometimes in leg blood vessels may develop atherosclerosis that is called DVT.  DVT means deep vein thrombosis. DVT may cause life threatening pulmonary embolism. 

Improperly blood supply to ending parts of body like, finger may causes gangrene.

How to prevent atherosclerosis?

Best way to prevent atherosclerosis is physically being active. Physical exercise reduces the risk of developing atherosclerosis.

Pancreatic beta cell

 Euglycemia or normal blood sugar regulation is one of the proper functioning of pancreatic beta cell that ensure normal insulin secretion. 

In glucose homeostasis, beta cell have a significant role. Loss of insulin secretion capacity leads to hyperglycemia. 

For a certain cause, pancreatic beta cell may reduce insulin secretion.

Insulin resistance 

amyloid deposition 

Lipotoxicity

Mitochondrial dysfunction 

ER stress

Inflamation

In terms of type two diabetes, the number of beta cell is reduces. 

 Hypertension 

Hypertension is a condition characterised by high blood pressure. When blood pressure is about 140/90 mmHg or above is generally characterise as High blood pressure.

Hypertension is a silent death causing disease now a days. Heart attack,  stroke,  Brain hemorrhage, is the major cause of sudden death that is triggered by hypertension.

Factor that increases blood pressures 

Excessive salt consumption 

High cholesterol 

Atherosclerosis 

Narrowing of blood vessels 

Lack of physical activities 

Diabetes melitus

How blood pressures increase death probability ?

Brain hemorrhage is most common cause of death due to high blood pressure? Increasing of blood pressures increases the chance of tearing of blood vessels in brain.  That is called brain hemorrhage.

building of blood clot in blood vessel wall develops hypertension. Narrowing the path of blood flow may sudden causes blocking of blood flow. 

Blocking of blood flow toward heart cell causes heart attack or heart failure. Simply,  to say breaking down of blood flow breaks down oxygen supply toward heart cell,  as a result causes myocardial infarction as well improper functioning of heart causes. 

As same mechanism, blood clotting can cause stroke and transient ischemic attack by blocking of oxygen supply to the brain cell. 

How someone can know that he may have hypertension?

Hypertension usually do not show severe symptom.  For that reason it is called silent killer. 

Sometimes,  when blood pressure is very high may show

Nausea 

Vommitig

Severe headache

Chest pain

Dizzines

Blurred vision

Tachycardia 

Bradicardia

Nose bleeding: 

Besides other cause hypertension is also a cause of nose bleeding experienced by mountain climber. 

Anxiety

Confussion

Treatment option

Treatment option of high blood pressure?

Lifestyle change is an important things to control blood pressure. By controlling blood pressure you can prevent most of the cardiovascular diseases. 

Quniting tobacco can prevent hypertension.

Lowering obesity can lower blood pressure

Controlling diabetes can prevent hypertension

 

Diabetes melitus

 Diabetes melitus is a chronic disease characterised by high glucose level in blood stream. 

How diabetes melitus develops? 

When pancreatic beta cell can not produces sufficient level of insulin, cell can not absorb sufficient level of glucose from blood stream. 

It is a question that how insulin works?  Simply to say insulin works as like as key.  How key opens the lock to enter in room.  Insulin works as same as it.  When insulin occupy the receptor of cell, the glucose enter into cell.  

Though,  a common question is that is it true that diabetes is a genetic cause? 

Ilts of Langerhans cell in pancreas for a certain reason unable to produces insulin. These causes are

Obesity

Uncontrollably in taking of sugar

Low physical exercise 

Any kinds of pancreatic disease

Genetic disorder

Symptom of diabetic melitus

Primarily, anyone can guess that he have diabetes or not.  

Tiredness 

Frequent food consumption behavior 

Frequent thirsty

Loosening of skin

Blurring of skin colour

Ant finding near to urine

Blurred eye

What you should follow to prevent diabetese

Though, the origin of diabetes is unclear