There have certain cause of dark skin. Skin pigmentation refers to body melanin production. The more melanin production express skin as darker.
Epidermal layer of the skin produces two main types of melanin. These are eumelanin and pheomelanin.
Pheomelanin causes lighter skin but eumelanin causes dark skin.
Moreover, eumelanin protects sunburn.
Eumelanin have a beneficial effect on cancer prevention and body temperature regulation.
The major cause of skin pigmentation is sunburn, certain medication, genetics.
Sun exposure increases melanin production. Melanin produces to defend UV radiation.
Mechanism of melanin production
UV ray exposure leads to form free radicals. Both activate biological agent that impacts on melanocytes to produce melanin.
The enzyme tyrosinase transform into amino acid and tyrosine into melanin.
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